Underline the gerund or gerund phrases in the sentences below. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. In the second sentence, writing begins a gerund phrase that is the subject of the sentence. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus its modifiers and complements. Depending upon its function in a sentence, phrases are divided into various types. The word gerund originated from the latin word gerundium, from gerundus which means to be carried out, with a future passive participle form of gerundive of gero which translates to carry, bear. Gerund or infinitive exercise 2 answers 1 we arranged to meet under the station clock at half nine. The gerund the gerund is a verbal noun, always active in force. He feels that singing well is impossible without lengthy training. Lets break down this definition to understand it better. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund, and functions as a noun. That sounds quite technical, so lets break it down for a simple explanation of a gerund phrase. Nureyev began his great career by dancing with amateur groups.
Meanwhile, a phrase is a group of words that contains either a subject noun or a verb but not both. Freezing participle used like an adverb qualifying the adjective cold 8. The infintive of the verbs supplies the nominative case. Like a gerund, a gerund phrase functions as a noun. Noun phrase, verb phrase, adjective phrase, adverb phrase, gerund phrase, infinitive phrase and absolute phrase. Gerund is defined as a verbal form that functions as a verbal noun. Then on the line before each sentence, identify how the gerund or gerund phrase is used by writing s for subject, p. Gerunds a gerund is a verb form verbal always ending in ing that acts as a noun.
For example, climbing is a gerund while climbing a tree is a gerund phrase. Loafing at the local drugstore sometimes seems a waste of. Types of phrases noun phrase, verb phrase, gerund phrase. The gerund, running, is modified by the prepositional phrase from the law to form a gerund phrase. A gerund phrase can be a subject, subject complement, direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition. The science lab posts stringent rules about dissecting animals. Gerund as subject because gerunds act as nouns, they can take any role that a noun would usually take in a sentence. The students didnt want to bring the speaker to the meeting of the student council. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. First, here is an example of a gerund phrase in a sentence. In the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language.
Gerund phrases a gerund phrase consists of a gerund an ing form of a verb, its modifiers, and its complements. Gerund and infinitive phrases university of texas at dallas. Underline the gerund or gerund phrase in each sentence. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus its modifiers. A gerund phrase consists of the gerund with its modifiers and complements. Waking up early is the gerund phrase that forms the subject of the main verb is. A gerund is a noun formed by taking a verb and adding the suffix ing. Fighting participle used to form the present continuous verb 7. A gerund phrase generally consists of a gerund, which is the ing word, along with any modifiers or objects associated with it. Eating ice cream on a windy day subject of the verb can be. A gerund phrase is the gerund plus its object and modifiers.
A gerund phrase is a group of words that will always begin with a gerund. In other words, a phrase is a multiword composed of a subject or a verb and not both. Jogging for thirty minutes every day helps you lose weight. In sentences, gerunds and gerund phrases may be used anywhere nouns may be used. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. A phrase can act as a noun, an adjective, a preposition or an adverb. Understanding the role that nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections play in speech is essential in enhancing our skills in.
A gerund phraseconsists of a gerund and related words. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. A gerund phrase will begin with gerund, and will include other modifiers andor objects. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Writing compositions proved highly beneficial to the students. Write a p over the word or phrase if it is a participle, a g if the word or phrase is a gerund an i if the word or phrase is an infinitive. A gerund is a verb ending with ing, but, it works as a noun and can act as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence.
Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. Although he is famous today, rudolph nureyevs birth on a train in russia was a modest beginning. A gerund is a verb that ends in ing, whereas a gerund phrase is the same thing but with modifiers or complements added in. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund and includes objects or modifiers. Identifying verbals for each of the following sentences, decide if the word or phrase in bold is a participle, gerund, or infinitive. Then identify the gerunds function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. Waving participle used like an adjective qualifying the noun spectators 6. When you are finished, click the check my work button at the bottom. Like a gerund, the entire phrase is used as a noun. A gerund phrase is created when a gerund a verb that takes an ing form and functions as a noun has a modifier, object or both. In the blank, label ssubject, do direct object, io indirect object, pn predicate nominative, op object of preposition. What makes a gerund different from a simple noun is that it does not have a proper plural form.
Since a gerund can act as a subject, it can also take objects. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. In traditional grammar, the gerund is described as a verbalnoun. Then identify the gerund s function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. Identifying phrases infinitive, participle, appositive. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes. In the first example, writing is a gerund used as the subject of the sentence. Legere est difficile to read is difficult reading is difficult the other cases are formed by adding ndto the present stem of the verb iendfor 3rd conjugation istems and all 4th conjugation verbs, plus the neuter singular endings. In other languages, specifically dutch, italian, or russian, it is a verbal form that is similar to a. A gerund is a verb that ends with ing, but it functions as a noun and can also function as a complement, subject or object in a sentence. A gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and acts as a noun. The gerund is a verbalnoun which is distinct from the participle which is a verbaladjective. Eating ice cream on a windy day can be a messy experience if you have long, untamed hair.
The most obvious role is the gerund as subject, in which the sentence is about an action. The gerund form is the base verb form and ing verbing. The baby penguin, wobbling toward its mother, squawked loudly. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. The gerund phrase recognize a gerund phrase when you see one. Aside from the gerund itself, the other words in the phrase will include any modifiers or objects of the gerund. Practice 1 complete the sentence mc practice 2 correct incorrect. It is a phrase that starts with a gerund and acts as a noun. The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. The function of a phrase depends upon its construction and place in a sentence. In this sentence, the gerund phrase traveling with a friend is the subject, made is the verb, the trip is the direct object, to new york is the indirect object, and more enjoyable is the object complement similar to a gerund, the infinitive form of a verb can also function as the subject of a.
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